Overview
In acute kidney injury, the kidneys suddenly stop filtering waste and fluid from the blood properly. It is common in people who are already unwell in hospital. Early treatment of the cause usually allows the kidneys to recover.
Symptoms
- Passing much less urine than usual
- Swelling of the legs, ankles or face
- Tiredness, confusion or drowsiness
- Nausea and vomiting
- Shortness of breath
Causes and risk factors
Causes include severe dehydration, blood loss, serious infection (sepsis), heart failure, certain medicines such as some painkillers and antibiotics, contrast dye, and blockage of urine flow. Older age, diabetes and existing kidney disease increase the risk.
Diagnosis
Blood tests show rising creatinine and urea levels. Urine tests and an ultrasound of the kidneys help find the cause.
Treatment
Treatment focuses on the cause, such as fluids for dehydration, stopping harmful medicines or relieving a blockage. Fluid and salt balance are monitored closely. Some people need temporary dialysis.
When to see a doctor
Seek urgent medical care if you are passing very little urine, have new swelling, or feel confused or very unwell, especially during an illness or after starting a new medicine.
This information is for general education and does not replace advice from a qualified doctor. For a medical emergency, call +92-51-8446666 or go to the nearest emergency department.
