Overview
In atrial fibrillation (AF), the upper chambers of the heart (atria) beat in a fast, irregular way. This can reduce how well the heart pumps and allow blood clots to form, which increases the risk of stroke.
Symptoms
- Palpitations or a racing, fluttering or irregular heartbeat
- Shortness of breath
- Tiredness or reduced ability to exercise
- Dizziness
- Some people have no symptoms
Causes and risk factors
- High blood pressure
- Coronary artery disease, heart valve disease or heart failure
- Older age
- Thyroid problems, diabetes and obesity
- Heavy alcohol use and sleep apnoea
Diagnosis
An electrocardiogram (ECG) confirms AF. A Holter monitor may record the heart rhythm over a longer period, and an echocardiogram checks the structure of the heart.
Treatment
Treatment aims to control the heart rate or rhythm and to prevent stroke. Depending on the patient, it may include medicines to control the heartbeat, blood thinners, cardioversion or catheter-based procedures.
When to see a doctor
See a doctor if you notice palpitations or an irregular pulse. Seek emergency care for chest pain, fainting, or signs of stroke such as face drooping, arm weakness or slurred speech.
This information is for general education and does not replace advice from a qualified doctor. For a medical emergency, call +92-51-8446666 or go to the nearest emergency department.
