Overview
Bladder outlet obstruction makes it hard to empty the bladder. If not treated, it can lead to infections, bladder stones and kidney damage.
Symptoms
- Weak or slow urine stream
- Straining to pass urine
- Feeling that the bladder has not emptied
- Passing urine often, especially at night
- Sudden inability to pass urine (urinary retention)
Causes and risk factors
The most common cause in men is an enlarged prostate. Other causes include narrowing of the urethra (stricture), bladder stones, tumours and pelvic organ prolapse in women.
Diagnosis
Tests include urine tests, an ultrasound to measure urine left after voiding, urine flow tests, cystoscopy and urodynamic studies.
Treatment
Treatment depends on the cause and may include medicines, a catheter, procedures to widen a stricture, or surgery such as removal of part of the prostate.
When to see a doctor
See a doctor if you have a weak stream or difficulty passing urine. Seek emergency care if you cannot pass urine and have lower abdominal pain.
This information is for general education and does not replace advice from a qualified doctor. For a medical emergency, call +92-51-8446666 or go to the nearest emergency department.
