Overview
Cleft lip and palate are among the most common birth differences. They can affect feeding, speech, hearing and teeth, but are very treatable with surgery and team care.
Signs
- A split in the upper lip that may extend into the nose
- An opening in the roof of the mouth
- Feeding difficulties and milk coming out of the nose
- Ear infections and hearing problems
- Speech difficulties later
Causes and risk factors
They result from a mix of genetic and environmental factors. Smoking, some medicines and a lack of folic acid during pregnancy increase the risk.
Diagnosis
A cleft lip may be seen on a pregnancy scan. Both are diagnosed by examination at birth.
Treatment
Surgery to repair the lip is usually done at around three to six months, and the palate at around 9 to 18 months. Speech therapy, dental and orthodontic care and hearing checks continue as the child grows.
When to see a doctor
Babies with a cleft should be seen soon after birth for feeding advice and to plan treatment.
This information is for general education and does not replace advice from a qualified doctor. For a medical emergency, call +92-51-8446666 or go to the nearest emergency department.
