Overview
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers. When found early, it is often curable. Screening can find and remove polyps before they turn into cancer.
Symptoms
- A change in bowel habits lasting several weeks
- Blood in the stool or bleeding from the rectum
- Abdominal pain or bloating
- Unexplained weight loss and tiredness
- Anaemia
Causes and risk factors
Risk factors include age over 50, family history, inflammatory bowel disease, a diet high in red and processed meat and low in fibre, obesity, smoking, alcohol and inactivity.
Diagnosis
Colonoscopy with biopsy is the main test. CT and MRI scans show whether the cancer has spread.
Treatment
Treatment depends on the stage and includes surgery, often by keyhole (laparoscopic) methods, chemotherapy and radiotherapy for rectal cancer.
When to see a doctor
See a doctor for blood in your stool, a lasting change in bowel habits or unexplained weight loss. Ask about screening if you are over 45 or have a family history.
This information is for general education and does not replace advice from a qualified doctor. For a medical emergency, call +92-51-8446666 or go to the nearest emergency department.
