Overview
Coronary artery disease (CAD) happens when fatty deposits (plaque) build up in the arteries that supply blood to the heart. This reduces blood flow and can cause chest pain. If a plaque breaks open and a clot forms, it can cause a heart attack.
Symptoms
- Chest pain, pressure or tightness (angina), often during exertion
- Pain spreading to the arm, neck, jaw or back
- Shortness of breath
- Sweating, nausea or unusual tiredness
Causes and risk factors
- High blood pressure and high cholesterol
- Diabetes
- Smoking
- Obesity and physical inactivity
- A family history of early heart disease
Diagnosis
Tests may include an ECG, blood tests, echocardiography, exercise stress testing, CT coronary angiography or coronary angiography.
Treatment
Treatment includes lifestyle changes and medicines to control risk factors and symptoms. Some patients need coronary angioplasty with stents or coronary artery bypass surgery.
When to see a doctor
See a doctor if you have chest discomfort on exertion. Seek emergency help immediately for chest pain lasting more than a few minutes, especially with sweating, breathlessness or nausea.
This information is for general education and does not replace advice from a qualified doctor. For a medical emergency, call +92-51-8446666 or go to the nearest emergency department.
