Overview
People with Down syndrome have some learning disability and characteristic physical features. With good health care and support, they can live long, fulfilling lives.
Signs
- Distinctive facial features, such as upward-slanting eyes
- Low muscle tone in babies
- Delayed development and learning disability
- Increased risk of heart defects, thyroid problems, hearing and vision problems
Causes and risk factors
It is caused by an extra chromosome 21. The chance increases with the mother's age.
Diagnosis
Screening tests in pregnancy show the likelihood, and diagnostic tests confirm it. After birth, a chromosome blood test confirms the diagnosis.
Treatment
There is no cure, but early therapies, education support and regular health checks for the heart, thyroid, hearing and vision help children thrive.
When to see a doctor
Babies with Down syndrome need a heart check soon after birth and regular health reviews throughout life.
This information is for general education and does not replace advice from a qualified doctor. For a medical emergency, call +92-51-8446666 or go to the nearest emergency department.
