Overview
Infertility is common and can be due to the woman, the man or both partners. Many causes are treatable, and both partners should be assessed together.
Symptoms
- Not getting pregnant despite trying
- Irregular or absent periods
- Painful periods or pelvic pain
- Excess hair growth or acne in some causes
Causes and risk factors
Causes include ovulation problems such as polycystic ovary syndrome, blocked fallopian tubes from infection or endometriosis, fibroids, thyroid problems and age-related decline in egg numbers. Smoking, obesity and being underweight increase the risk.
Diagnosis
Tests include hormone blood tests, ultrasound to check the womb and ovaries, a test of the fallopian tubes and a semen analysis for the partner.
Treatment
Treatment may include lifestyle changes, medicines to help ovulation, surgery for tube or womb problems, intrauterine insemination (IUI) or IVF.
When to see a doctor
See a gynaecologist if you have not conceived after a year of trying, or after six months if you are over 35 or have irregular periods.
This information is for general education and does not replace advice from a qualified doctor. For a medical emergency, call +92-51-8446666 or go to the nearest emergency department.