Overview
Most HPV infections clear on their own without causing problems. Some high-risk types can cause changes in cells that may lead to cancer over many years. Vaccination and screening are effective protection.
Symptoms
- Usually no symptoms
- Genital warts with some types
- Abnormal cervical screening results
- Cancer symptoms only in late stages
Causes and risk factors
HPV spreads through skin-to-skin contact, mostly during sex. Risk factors include multiple partners, early sexual activity, smoking and a weak immune system.
Diagnosis
Cervical screening (Pap smear and HPV test) detects infection and cell changes. Genital warts are diagnosed by examination.
Treatment
There is no treatment for the virus itself. Warts can be treated with creams, freezing or removal, and abnormal cervical cells can be treated before they become cancer.
When to see a doctor
Women should have regular cervical screening. HPV vaccination is recommended for girls and boys. See a doctor for genital warts or unusual bleeding.
This information is for general education and does not replace advice from a qualified doctor. For a medical emergency, call +92-51-8446666 or go to the nearest emergency department.
