Overview
The thyroid is a gland in the neck that produces hormones controlling metabolism. When it is underactive, many body processes slow down. Hypothyroidism is more common in women and is easily treated.
Symptoms
- Tiredness and feeling cold
- Weight gain
- Dry skin and hair loss
- Constipation
- Low mood
- Irregular or heavy periods
Causes and risk factors
- Autoimmune thyroid disease (Hashimoto's thyroiditis)
- Iodine deficiency
- Previous thyroid surgery or radioactive iodine treatment
- Some medicines
Diagnosis
Blood tests measuring TSH and thyroid hormone (T4) levels confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment
Treatment is a daily thyroid hormone tablet (levothyroxine), with regular blood tests to adjust the dose.
When to see a doctor
See a doctor if you have ongoing symptoms such as tiredness, weight gain or feeling cold. Women who are pregnant or planning a pregnancy should have thyroid problems checked and managed.
This information is for general education and does not replace advice from a qualified doctor. For a medical emergency, call +92-51-8446666 or go to the nearest emergency department.