Overview
Low back pain can affect people of any age. Most cases are caused by strain of the muscles or ligaments and improve within a few weeks. Pain that spreads down the leg (sciatica) may be caused by pressure on a nerve.
Symptoms
- Ache or stiffness in the lower back
- Pain that worsens with bending, lifting or sitting for long periods
- Pain, numbness or tingling that spreads into the buttock or leg
Causes and risk factors
- Muscle or ligament strain
- Poor posture and lack of exercise
- Disc problems such as a slipped (herniated) disc
- Age-related wear of the spine
- Excess weight and heavy lifting
Diagnosis
A doctor asks about your symptoms and examines your back. Imaging such as an X-ray or MRI is usually needed only if pain is severe or persistent, or if there are warning signs.
Treatment
Most back pain improves with staying gently active, pain relief and physiotherapy. Persistent pain may need specialist assessment. Surgery is considered only for specific problems such as severe nerve compression.
When to see a doctor
See a doctor if pain lasts more than a few weeks or stops you from doing daily activities. Seek urgent care for back pain with leg weakness, numbness around the groin, loss of bladder or bowel control, fever, or after a fall or injury.
This information is for general education and does not replace advice from a qualified doctor. For a medical emergency, call +92-51-8446666 or go to the nearest emergency department.
