Overview
Male factors contribute to around half of infertility cases. Sexual problems such as erectile dysfunction and ejaculation disorders are also common and treatable.
Symptoms
- Not achieving a pregnancy after a year of trying
- Erection or ejaculation problems
- Low sex drive
- Pain, swelling or a lump in the testicles
- Reduced facial or body hair
Causes and risk factors
Causes include varicocele, infections, hormone problems, undescended testicles, genetic conditions, previous surgery, smoking, alcohol, obesity, anabolic steroids and heat exposure.
Diagnosis
Tests include a semen analysis, hormone blood tests, a scrotal ultrasound and genetic tests if needed.
Treatment
Treatment may include lifestyle changes, medicines, surgery for varicocele or blockages, and assisted reproduction such as IUI, IVF or ICSI.
When to see a doctor
See a doctor if you and your partner have not conceived after a year of trying, or if you have sexual problems or a testicular lump.
This information is for general education and does not replace advice from a qualified doctor. For a medical emergency, call +92-51-8446666 or go to the nearest emergency department.
