Measles

Overview

Measles is preventable with vaccination. It can cause pneumonia, brain swelling and death, especially in young and malnourished children.

Symptoms

• High fever
• Cough, runny nose and red, watery eyes
• Small white spots inside the cheeks
• A red-brown rash that starts on the face and spreads down
• Tiredness and poor appetite

Causes and risk factors

It spreads through coughs and sneezes. Unvaccinated people, young children and those with poor nutrition or weak immunity are at highest risk.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis is based on symptoms and can be confirmed with a blood or swab test.

Treatment

Treatment is supportive with fluids, fever relief and vitamin A. Complications such as pneumonia are treated. Two doses of measles vaccine provide strong protection.

When to see a doctor

See a doctor if you suspect measles and call ahead so others are not exposed. Seek urgent care for difficulty breathing, drowsiness, fits or dehydration.