Overview
Multiple sclerosis often starts between 20 and 40 years of age and is more common in women. Most people have relapses followed by recovery. Modern treatments can reduce relapses and slow progression.
Symptoms
- Blurred or painful vision in one eye
- Numbness or tingling
- Weakness or stiffness of the limbs
- Problems with balance and walking
- Extreme tiredness
- Bladder and bowel problems
Causes and risk factors
The cause is not fully understood. Risk factors include genetics, low vitamin D, smoking and past Epstein-Barr virus infection.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis uses an MRI of the brain and spine, a lumbar puncture and tests of nerve signals.
Treatment
Treatment includes disease-modifying medicines, steroids for relapses, physiotherapy and treatment of symptoms such as tiredness and stiffness.
When to see a doctor
See a doctor for unexplained vision problems, numbness, weakness or balance problems that last more than a day.
This information is for general education and does not replace advice from a qualified doctor. For a medical emergency, call +92-51-8446666 or go to the nearest emergency department.
