Overview
Nephrotic syndrome is common in children, where it often responds well to treatment. In adults it is usually caused by an underlying kidney disease.
Symptoms
- Swelling around the eyes, especially in the morning
- Swelling of the ankles, legs and abdomen
- Foamy urine
- Weight gain from fluid
- Tiredness
Causes and risk factors
In children, minimal change disease is the most common cause. In adults, causes include diabetes, membranous nephropathy, FSGS, lupus and amyloidosis.
Diagnosis
Tests include urine protein tests, blood tests for albumin and cholesterol, and sometimes a kidney biopsy.
Treatment
Treatment includes steroids or other immune-suppressing medicines, diuretics for swelling, a low-salt diet and medicines for blood pressure and cholesterol.
When to see a doctor
See a doctor for swelling of the face or legs or foamy urine. Seek urgent care for fever, abdominal pain or reduced urine.
This information is for general education and does not replace advice from a qualified doctor. For a medical emergency, call +92-51-8446666 or go to the nearest emergency department.
