Overview
PCOS affects how the ovaries work. Women with PCOS often ovulate irregularly and have higher levels of male-type hormones (androgens). PCOS is also linked to insulin resistance, which raises the risk of type 2 diabetes.
Symptoms
- Irregular, infrequent or absent periods
- Excess hair on the face or body
- Acne or oily skin
- Thinning hair on the scalp
- Weight gain
- Difficulty getting pregnant
Causes and risk factors
The exact cause is unknown. PCOS often runs in families and is linked to insulin resistance and hormonal imbalance.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis is based on symptoms, blood tests for hormone levels and a pelvic ultrasound to look at the ovaries.
Treatment
Treatment depends on your symptoms and goals. Healthy eating, regular exercise and weight management can improve symptoms. Medicines may regulate periods, reduce excess hair or help with fertility.
When to see a doctor
See a doctor if your periods are irregular, you notice excess hair growth, or you are having difficulty getting pregnant.
This information is for general education and does not replace advice from a qualified doctor. For a medical emergency, call +92-51-8446666 or go to the nearest emergency department.