Overview
Normally the spinal cord moves freely inside the spinal canal. When it is tethered, the stretching can cause gradual nerve damage. Surgery can relieve the tension and prevent symptoms from getting worse.
Symptoms
- A dimple, tuft of hair, fatty lump or birthmark on the lower back
- Back or leg pain
- Leg weakness, numbness or changes in walking
- Foot deformities or one leg or foot smaller than the other
- New bladder or bowel problems, such as wetting after being dry
- Worsening scoliosis
Causes and risk factors
It is often present from birth and linked to spina bifida, fatty tumours of the spinal cord or a thickened filum terminale. It can also follow surgery on the spine.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis uses an MRI scan of the spine. Ultrasound may be used in young babies, and bladder tests check bladder function.
Treatment
Treatment is surgery to release the spinal cord. Physiotherapy, orthopaedic care and bladder management may also be needed, with long-term follow-up.
When to see a doctor
See a doctor if a child has lower back skin changes, new leg weakness, a change in walking, or new bladder or bowel problems.
This information is for general education and does not replace advice from a qualified doctor. For a medical emergency, call +92-51-8446666 or go to the nearest emergency department.
