Overview
In type 2 diabetes, the body becomes resistant to insulin or does not make enough of it, so sugar builds up in the blood. Diabetes is very common in Pakistan. Over time, high blood sugar can damage the heart, kidneys, eyes, nerves and feet, so good control is important.
Symptoms
- Increased thirst and frequent urination
- Tiredness
- Blurred vision
- Slow-healing wounds and frequent infections
- Tingling or numbness in the hands or feet
- Many people have no symptoms at first
Causes and risk factors
- Excess weight, especially around the waist
- Physical inactivity
- A family history of diabetes
- Older age
- Diabetes during a previous pregnancy
Diagnosis
Blood tests such as fasting blood sugar, HbA1c or an oral glucose tolerance test are used to diagnose diabetes.
Treatment
Treatment includes healthy eating, regular physical activity and weight management, often with tablets or insulin. Regular checks of blood sugar, blood pressure, cholesterol, kidneys, eyes and feet help prevent complications.
When to see a doctor
See a doctor for a blood sugar test if you have symptoms or risk factors. Seek urgent care for very high or very low blood sugar, confusion, or vomiting with high sugar readings.
This information is for general education and does not replace advice from a qualified doctor. For a medical emergency, call +92-51-8446666 or go to the nearest emergency department.