Overview
Vaginal cancer is most common in older women. When found early, it can often be treated successfully.
Symptoms
- Vaginal bleeding after menopause or after sex
- Unusual vaginal discharge
- A lump in the vagina
- Pain during sex
- Pelvic pain
- Pain when passing urine or constipation in later stages
Causes and risk factors
Risk factors include HPV infection, older age, smoking, previous cervical cancer or pre-cancerous changes, and a weak immune system.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis uses a pelvic examination, colposcopy and biopsy. Scans show whether it has spread.
Treatment
Treatment includes radiotherapy, surgery and chemotherapy, depending on the stage.
When to see a doctor
See a gynaecologist for any bleeding after menopause or after sex, or a lump in the vagina. HPV vaccination and cervical screening help reduce the risk.
This information is for general education and does not replace advice from a qualified doctor. For a medical emergency, call +92-51-8446666 or go to the nearest emergency department.
