Overview
Vestibular disorders are a common cause of dizziness. Most can be diagnosed with a careful examination and treated effectively.
Symptoms
- A spinning sensation (vertigo)
- Unsteadiness and loss of balance
- Nausea and vomiting
- Symptoms triggered by head movements
- Hearing loss or ringing in the ears with some causes
Causes and risk factors
Common causes are benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), vestibular neuritis and labyrinthitis after a viral infection, Meniere's disease and vestibular migraine. Head injury and ageing increase the risk.
Diagnosis
A doctor examines eye movements and balance and may perform positional tests. Hearing tests, balance tests and an MRI may be needed.
Treatment
Treatment depends on the cause and may include repositioning manoeuvres for BPPV, short-term medicines for nausea and vertigo, vestibular rehabilitation exercises and treatment of migraine or Meniere's disease.
When to see a doctor
See a doctor for repeated or persistent vertigo. Seek emergency care for vertigo with a severe headache, double vision, slurred speech, weakness or difficulty walking.
This information is for general education and does not replace advice from a qualified doctor. For a medical emergency, call +92-51-8446666 or go to the nearest emergency department.
