Haemodialysis

Overview

In haemodialysis, blood is pumped through a filter called a dialyser, which removes waste products and extra fluid, and is then returned to the body. It is used for kidney failure and for some cases of sudden (acute) kidney injury.

Why it is done

• Kidney failure, when the kidneys work at a very low level
• High potassium, fluid overload or acid build-up that does not respond to other treatment
• Sudden kidney injury while the kidneys recover

Before starting dialysis

For long-term dialysis, a vascular access is created in advance, usually an arteriovenous (AV) fistula in the arm. A temporary catheter may be used when dialysis is needed urgently.

During treatment

Each session usually lasts about four hours and is typically needed three times a week. Your weight, blood pressure and blood tests are monitored regularly.

Living with dialysis

Following advice on fluids, salt, potassium and phosphate, taking prescribed medicines and attending every session help you stay well. Some patients may later be suitable for a kidney transplant.

Risks

Common side effects include low blood pressure during sessions, cramps and tiredness. Infection or clotting of the vascular access can also occur.

At KIH

KIH's Nephrology & Dialysis department assesses and manages acute and long-term kidney disease.